Everything about Lower Canada totally explained
The
Province of Lower Canada (French:
Province du Bas-Canada) was a
British colony on the lower
Saint Lawrence River and the shores of the
Gulf of Saint Lawrence (1791-1841). It covered the southern portion of the modern-day Province of
Quebec,
Canada, and the
Labrador region of the modern-day Province of
Newfoundland and Labrador.
History
The Province of Lower Canada was created by the
Constitutional Act of 1791 from the partition of the British colony of the
Province of Quebec (1763-1791) into the Province of Lower Canada and the Province of
Upper Canada.
Lower Canada consisted of part of former
French colony of
New France, populated mainly by French Canadians, which was ceded to Great Britain after that empire's victory in the
Seven Years' War, also called the
French and Indian Wars in the United States. Other parts of New France ceded to Britain became the Colonies of
Nova Scotia,
New Brunswick and
Prince Edward Island.
Rebellion
Like Upper Canada, there was political unrest and a rebellion challenged the
British rule of the predominantly
French population. After the
Patriote Rebellion was crushed by the British army and
Loyal volunteers, the 1791 Constitution was suspended on
March 27 1838 and a
special council was appointed to administer the colony.
Lower Canada, Upper Canada and their legislatures were abolished in 1841 with the coming into effect of the
The Union Act, passed on
July 23,
1840. The act abolished the legislatures of Lower Canada and Upper Canada and united them in the unified political entity of the United Province of Canada.
Constitution
The Province of Lower Canada inherited the mixed set of French and English institutions that existed in the Province of Quebec during the 1763-1791 period and which continued to exist later in Canada-East (1841-1867) and ultimately in the current Province of Quebec (1867-).
Population
| Year |
Census estimate |
| 1806 |
250,000 |
| 1814 |
335,000 |
| 1822 |
427,465 |
| 1825 |
479,288 |
| 1827 |
473,475 |
| 1831 |
553,134 |
| 1841 |
650,000 |
Further Information
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